ADT4_HUMAN

Evidence for PS localization

GO

G2C

SynGO

SynaptomeDB

Functions

ADP:ATP antiporter that mediates import of ADP into the mitochondrial matrix for ATP synthesis, and export of ATP out to fuel the cell . Cycles between the cytoplasmic-open state (c-state) and the matrix-open state (m-state): operates by the alternating access mechanism with a single substrate-binding site intermittently exposed to either the cytosolic (c-state) or matrix (m-state) side of the inner mitochondrial membrane . Specifically required during spermatogenesis, probably to mediate ADP:ATP exchange in spermatocytes (PubMed). Large ATP supplies from mitochondria may be critical for normal progression of spermatogenesis during early stages of meiotic prophase I, including DNA double-strand break repair and chromosomal synapsis . In addition to its ADP:ATP antiporter activity, also involved in mitochondrial uncoupling and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) activity . Plays a role in mitochondrial uncoupling by acting as a proton transporter: proton transport uncouples the proton flows via the electron transport chain and ATP synthase to reduce the efficiency of ATP production and cause mitochondrial thermogenesis . Proton transporter activity is inhibited by ADP:ATP antiporter activity, suggesting that SLC25A31/ANT4 acts as a master regulator of mitochondrial energy output by maintaining a delicate balance between ATP production (ADP:ATP antiporter activity) and thermogenesis (proton transporter activity) . Proton transporter activity requires free fatty acids as cofactor, but does not transport it . Also plays a key role in mPTP opening, a non-specific pore that enables free passage of the mitochondrial membranes to solutes of up to 1.5 kDa, and which contributes to cell death . It is however unclear if SLC25A31/ANT4 constitutes a pore-forming component of mPTP or regulates it . [View more on UniProt]

Protein features

Binary interactions with known binding regions

Interacting region for partners were not defined.

Network

Isoforms

No data found.

Disease-causing germline mutations

No data found.

Linear motifs

No annotated instance was found. To search for linear motifs, use the ELM prediction server.

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Molecular function

Biological process

Disease

No data found.

All partners