PARN_HUMAN
Evidence for PS localization
Functions
3-exoribonuclease that has a preference for poly(A) tails of mRNAs, thereby efficiently degrading poly(A) tails. Exonucleolytic degradation of the poly(A) tail is often the first step in the decay of eukaryotic mRNAs and is also used to silence certain maternal mRNAs translationally during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. Interacts with both the 3-end poly(A) tail and the 5-end cap structure during degradation, the interaction with the cap structure being required for an efficient degradation of poly(A) tails. Involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, a critical process of selective degradation of mRNAs that contain premature stop codons. Also involved in degradation of inherently unstable mRNAs that contain AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3-UTR, possibly via its interaction with KHSRP. Probably mediates the removal of poly(A) tails of AREs mRNAs, which constitutes the first step of destabilization (PubMed, PubMed, PubMed, PubMed, PubMed). Also able to recognize and trim poly(A) tails of microRNAs such as MIR21 and H/ACA box snoRNAs (small nucleolar RNAs) leading to microRNAs degradation or snoRNA increased stability (PubMed, PubMed). [View more on UniProt]
Protein features
Binary interactions with known binding regions
To display all evidence describing the interaction with a partner, click on the protein name left to the bars.
Network
Isoforms
Disease-causing germline mutations
| Position | Amino acid | Mutation | Disease | Overlap with binding region |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 383 | Ala | Val | Dyskeratosiscongenita,autosomalrecessive,6(DKCB6) | - |
| 421 | Lys | Arg | Pulmonaryfibrosis,and/orbonemarrowfailuresyndrome,telomere-related,4(PFBMFT4) | - |
Linear motifs
No annotated instance was found. To search for linear motifs, use the ELM prediction server.
Fingerprint
Molecular function
| Term | Name | % | Distance from the top of the tree | Annotated in PARN_HUMAN |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003723 | RNA binding | 51.4286 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0043169 | cation binding | 22.8571 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0046872 | metal ion binding | 22.8571 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0000166 | nucleotide binding | 22.8571 | 4 | no |
| GO:0017076 | purine nucleotide binding | 22.8571 | 5 | no |
| GO:0030554 | adenyl nucleotide binding | 22.8571 | 6 | no |
| GO:0003729 | mRNA binding | 17.1429 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0019900 | kinase binding | 17.1429 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0019901 | protein kinase binding | 17.1429 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0003730 | mRNA 3-UTR binding | 11.4286 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0000175 | 3-5-RNA exonuclease activity | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0004518 | nuclease activity | 5.7143 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0004527 | exonuclease activity | 5.7143 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0004532 | RNA exonuclease activity | 5.7143 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0004535 | poly(A)-specific ribonuclease activity | 5.7143 | 8 | yes |
| GO:0004540 | RNA nuclease activity | 5.7143 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0008408 | 3-5 exonuclease activity | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0016796 | exonuclease activity, active with either ribo- or deoxyribonucleic acids and producing 5-phosphomonoesters | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0016896 | RNA exonuclease activity, producing 5-phosphomonoesters | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0070034 | telomerase RNA binding | 5.7143 | 5 | yes |
Biological process
| Term | Name | % | Distance from top the of the tree | Annotated in PARN_HUMAN |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0048522 | positive regulation of cellular process | 51.4286 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0048523 | negative regulation of cellular process | 51.4286 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0031323 | regulation of cellular metabolic process | 48.5714 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0060255 | regulation of macromolecule metabolic process | 48.5714 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0080090 | regulation of primary metabolic process | 48.5714 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0009889 | regulation of biosynthetic process | 45.7143 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0010468 | regulation of gene expression | 45.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0010556 | regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process | 45.7143 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0031326 | regulation of cellular biosynthetic process | 45.7143 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0009892 | negative regulation of metabolic process | 42.8571 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0010605 | negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process | 42.8571 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0009893 | positive regulation of metabolic process | 40.0000 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0010604 | positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process | 40.0000 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0009891 | positive regulation of biosynthetic process | 37.1429 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0010557 | positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process | 37.1429 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0019219 | regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process | 37.1429 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0031325 | positive regulation of cellular metabolic process | 37.1429 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0031328 | positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process | 37.1429 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0090304 | nucleic acid metabolic process | 37.1429 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0009890 | negative regulation of biosynthetic process | 34.2857 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0010558 | negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process | 34.2857 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0031324 | negative regulation of cellular metabolic process | 34.2857 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0031327 | negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process | 34.2857 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0051128 | regulation of cellular component organization | 34.2857 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0051252 | regulation of RNA metabolic process | 34.2857 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0010629 | negative regulation of gene expression | 31.4286 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0043412 | macromolecule modification | 31.4286 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0016070 | RNA metabolic process | 28.5714 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0045935 | positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process | 28.5714 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0009966 | regulation of signal transduction | 28.5714 | 4 | no |
| GO:0010646 | regulation of cell communication | 28.5714 | 4 | no |
| GO:0048585 | negative regulation of response to stimulus | 28.5714 | 4 | no |
| GO:0051246 | regulation of protein metabolic process | 28.5714 | 5 | no |
| GO:0009059 | macromolecule biosynthetic process | 28.5714 | 4 | no |
| GO:1901566 | organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process | 28.5714 | 4 | no |
| GO:0009894 | regulation of catabolic process | 25.7143 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0036211 | protein modification process | 25.7143 | 4 | no |
| GO:0002181 | cytoplasmic translation | 25.7143 | 5 | no |
| GO:0006412 | translation | 25.7143 | 4 | no |
| GO:0006396 | RNA processing | 22.8571 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0010608 | post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression | 22.8571 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0033043 | regulation of organelle organization | 22.8571 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0141188 | nucleic acid catabolic process | 22.8571 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0006796 | phosphate-containing compound metabolic process | 22.8571 | 4 | no |
| GO:0009968 | negative regulation of signal transduction | 22.8571 | 5 | no |
| GO:0010648 | negative regulation of cell communication | 22.8571 | 5 | no |
| GO:0023057 | negative regulation of signaling | 22.8571 | 4 | no |
| GO:0042981 | regulation of apoptotic process | 22.8571 | 5 | no |
| GO:0043067 | regulation of programmed cell death | 22.8571 | 4 | no |
| GO:0051254 | positive regulation of RNA metabolic process | 22.8571 | 6 | no |
| GO:0071702 | organic substance transport | 22.8571 | 4 | no |
| GO:0010628 | positive regulation of gene expression | 22.8571 | 7 | no |
| GO:0071310 | cellular response to organic substance | 22.8571 | 4 | no |
| GO:0009057 | macromolecule catabolic process | 20.0000 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0045934 | negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process | 20.0000 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0016071 | mRNA metabolic process | 17.1429 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0051052 | regulation of DNA metabolic process | 17.1429 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0051253 | negative regulation of RNA metabolic process | 17.1429 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0000184 | nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay | 14.2857 | 8 | yes |
| GO:0000956 | nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process | 14.2857 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0006401 | RNA catabolic process | 14.2857 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0006402 | mRNA catabolic process | 14.2857 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0009895 | negative regulation of catabolic process | 14.2857 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0032204 | regulation of telomere maintenance | 14.2857 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0033044 | regulation of chromosome organization | 14.2857 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0034655 | nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process | 14.2857 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0051130 | positive regulation of cellular component organization | 14.2857 | 5 | yes |
| GO:1901361 | organic cyclic compound catabolic process | 14.2857 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0051054 | positive regulation of DNA metabolic process | 11.4286 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0010638 | positive regulation of organelle organization | 8.5714 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0043085 | positive regulation of catalytic activity | 8.5714 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0043489 | RNA stabilization | 8.5714 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0051338 | regulation of transferase activity | 8.5714 | 4 | yes |
| GO:1902369 | negative regulation of RNA catabolic process | 8.5714 | 6 | yes |
| GO:1904356 | regulation of telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening | 8.5714 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0000289 | nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening | 5.7143 | 8 | yes |
| GO:0000495 | box H/ACA sno(s)RNA 3-end processing | 5.7143 | 8 | yes |
| GO:0007292 | female gamete generation | 5.7143 | 4 | yes |
| GO:0009451 | RNA modification | 5.7143 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0010586 | miRNA metabolic process | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0010587 | miRNA catabolic process | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0016074 | sno(s)RNA metabolic process | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0031123 | RNA 3-end processing | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0031126 | sno(s)RNA 3-end processing | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0032206 | positive regulation of telomere maintenance | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0032210 | regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0032212 | positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase | 5.7143 | 8 | yes |
| GO:0033979 | box H/ACA sno(s)RNA metabolic process | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0034964 | box H/ACA sno(s)RNA processing | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
| GO:0043144 | sno(s)RNA processing | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0051347 | positive regulation of transferase activity | 5.7143 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0051972 | regulation of telomerase activity | 5.7143 | 5 | yes |
| GO:0051973 | positive regulation of telomerase activity | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:0071051 | poly(A)-dependent snoRNA 3-end processing | 5.7143 | 8 | yes |
| GO:0090669 | telomerase RNA stabilization | 5.7143 | 5 | yes |
| GO:1904358 | positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening | 5.7143 | 8 | yes |
| GO:1904872 | regulation of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body | 5.7143 | 4 | yes |
| GO:2000278 | regulation of DNA biosynthetic process | 5.7143 | 6 | yes |
| GO:2000573 | positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
| GO:2001252 | positive regulation of chromosome organization | 5.7143 | 7 | yes |
Disease
No data found.
All partners
| Uniprot ID | Details | Highest evidence | Localizing into PSD | HPA (protein expression in neurons) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAPK2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | Low throughput | no | yes |
| BARD1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | Low throughput | no | yes |
| ZCCHV_HUMAN | [view interactions] | Low throughput | no | yes |
| NCBP1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | Low throughput | no | yes |
| PABP1_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | Low throughput | yes | yes |
| CSTF2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | Low throughput | no | yes |
| PARN_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | Low throughput | yes | yes |
| FUBP2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | Low throughput | no | yes |
| CSTF1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | Low throughput | no | yes |
| K0408_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | no |
| B9D2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| H2A1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| ZKSC8_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| ZN677_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RL26L_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| PURG_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| MAGB2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| RBM19_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| UGGG2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| RL23A_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| ZBT44_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| PRR3_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| RS13_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| SRSF2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| SERB1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| MED17_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| RYBP_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| SURF6_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| KRR1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| LC7L2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| DOK4_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| BBS1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| ANR49_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| MND1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| DHX37_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RS11_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| UT14A_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| SLX9_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| PRKN_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| ZRAN1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| TRI67_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| CSK21_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| CSK22_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | no |
| CSK23_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| UBP36_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| UBE2H_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| FAS_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | no |
| LDLR_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| SUMO2_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| TXNL1_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| OGA_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| HS74L_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | no |
| ODPA_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| CEBPB_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| KS6B1_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| ODO2_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| EXOSX_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| PP2BA_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| EXOS2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| ELOA1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| MO4L2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| GRAP1_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| XRN1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| SSH3_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| ARHG1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| GLMN_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| COR1B_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | no |
| UBAC1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| MCMBP_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| REN3B_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| XRN2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| EXOS4_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| IF4A3_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| ILF3_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| NXF1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| FANCI_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| JHD2C_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| GWL_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| NCOR1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RS15A_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| RRP12_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| SIR1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| YETS2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| SMG7_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| BCOR_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| DACH1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| ESS2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| ZBT21_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| ZSC18_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| CSTF3_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| BRE1B_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| H31_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| NCOR2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| NFIC_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RBM5_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| NADAP_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| TRPS1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| SHLD2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RPA34_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| DDX23_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| MK67I_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| NOP56_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| PARP1_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| RL31_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| RS24_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| TE2IP_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| ZN330_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| TAXB1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| LMNA_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| MYC_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| NUP43_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RFA1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RFA2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RFA3_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| MPH6_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| SPC1L_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| TULP3_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| CARME_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| H11_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| TEAD4_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| BYST_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| TSR1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| RAF1_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | no |
| CNKR2_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | no |
| ESR1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| RS6_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| TP53B_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| MDC1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| SMC5_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| PALS2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RENT1_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| RENT2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| REN3A_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| SIR7_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| PSG1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| FOXA1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| DCPS_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| H2A1B_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| DYR1A_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| CPEB1_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | no |
| BRD4_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| P53_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| NBR1_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |
| RS16_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| PIGF_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | no |
| RL27A_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| UBE3C_HUMAN | [view entry] [view interactions] | High throughput | yes | yes |
| LGI2_HUMAN | [view interactions] | High throughput | no | yes |