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ARC_HUMAN

Master regulator of synaptic plasticity that self-assembles into virion-like capsids that encapsulate RNAs and mediate intercellular RNA transfer in the nervous system. ARC protein is released from neurons in extracellular vesicles that mediate the transfer of ARC mRNA into new target cells, where ARC mRNA can undergo activity-dependent translation. ARC capsids are endocytosed and are able to transfer ARC mRNA into the cytoplasm of neurons. Acts as a key regulator of synaptic plasticity: required for protein synthesis-dependent forms of long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) and for the formation of long-term memory. Regulates synaptic plasticity by promoting endocytosis of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) in response to synaptic activity: this endocytic pathway maintains levels of surface AMPARs in response to chronic changes in neuronal activity through synaptic scaling, thereby contributing to neuronal homeostasis. Acts as a postsynaptic mediator of activity-dependent synapse elimination in the developing cerebellum by mediating elimination of surplus climbing fiber synapses. Accumulates at weaker synapses, probably to prevent their undesired enhancement. This suggests that ARC-containing virion-like capsids may be required to eliminate synaptic material. Required to transduce experience into long-lasting changes in visual cortex plasticity and for long-term memory . Involved in postsynaptic trafficking and processing of amyloid-beta A4 (APP) via interaction with PSEN1 . In addition to its role in synapses, also involved in the regulation of the immune system: specifically expressed in skin-migratory dendritic cells and regulates fast dendritic cell migration, thereby regulating T-cell activation . [View more on UniProt]

050100150200250300350
Transmembrane
Phase separation
ELM
Phosphorylation
PFAM
Coiled coil
Anchor
Disordered
Interacting regions
Sequence
LOADING 91%

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0100200300400500600700800900
ARC_HUMAN
LOADING 67%
050100150200250300350
ARC_HUMAN
LOADING 67%
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No data found.

No annotated instance was found. To search for linear motifs, use the ELM prediction server.

Molecular function

Biological process

Disease

No data found.

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